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Indian Forest Service (Mains)

Chemistry optional

  • 2 papers
  • 200 marks each
  • 3 h per paper

Paper I covers physical and inorganic chemistry.

Indian Forest Service (Mains), Chemistry optional · 2022 · Paper I

Q4(c)(i). Ionic atmosphere and mobility

Question

What is ionic atmosphere? How do relaxation and electrophoretic effects retard the velocity of the central ion in the ionic atmosphere? Explain with illustration.

Answer in brief

An ionic atmosphere is the statistical excess of counterions around a chosen ion; its delayed rearrangement and the counterflow of solvent both oppose ion motion.

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As written for the answer booklet: the diagram carries the working, the lines stay short. Read here only; it is not offered as a download.

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Topic notes: electrolytic conductance, Kohlrausch's law, transport numbers and the Debye–Hückel limiting law, with every Civil Services, IFoS and Geo-Scientist PYQ →

Coversionic atmosphererelaxation effectelectrophoretic effectDebye–Hückel–Onsager equationmolar conductivity

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