UPSC Civil Services (Mains), Chemistry optional · 2021 · Paper I
Q2(b). Shapes of the sp³d, sp³d², dsp² and sd³ hybrids and the d orbitals used
Question
Draw the geometrical arrangements for the following hybridized systems and identify the type of d-orbitals involved in each system: sp³d, sp³d², dsp², sd³.
Answer in brief
sp³d: trigonal bipyramidal, dz²; sp³d²: octahedral, dx²−y² and dz²; dsp²: square planar, dx²−y²; sd³: tetrahedral, dxy, dyz and dzx.
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Covershybridisationsp3d2 octahedraldsp2 square planarsd3 tetrahedrald orbitalstrigonal bipyramidal
All parts of Question 2
- 2(a) Hydrogen atom: the transition n = 101 → 10010 marks
- 2(b) Shapes of the sp³d, sp³d², dsp² and sd³ hybrids and the d orbitals used20 marks
- 2(c) Iron: atomic radius from the b.c.c. cell; volume change on going to f.c.c.20 marks