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UPSC Combined Geo-Scientist

Chemist

  • 3 descriptive papers
  • 200 marks each
  • 3 h per paper

Mains Paper II covers physical chemistry.

UPSC Combined Geo-Scientist, Mains · 2022 · Mains Paper II

Q4. Variation of chemical potential with temperature and pressure

Question

How does chemical potential vary with temperature and pressure? Derive the relevant equations.

Answer in brief

(∂μi/∂T)P,n = −S̄i: μ falls on heating, fastest for a gas; (∂μi/∂P)T,n = V̄i: μ rises with pressure; ideal gas μ = μ° + RT ln(P/P°).

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Topic notes: chemical potential, partial molar quantities, the Gibbs–Duhem equation, fugacity and activity, with every Civil Services, IFoS and Geo-Scientist PYQ →

Coverschemical potentialpartial molar entropypartial molar volumeGibbs–Helmholtz equationClapeyron equation