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UPSC Combined Geo-Scientist

Chemist

  • 3 descriptive papers
  • 200 marks each
  • 3 h per paper

Mains Paper III covers analytical and organic chemistry.

UPSC Combined Geo-Scientist, Mains · 2021 · Mains Paper III

Q1(c). Molar absorptivity from the transmittance

Question

A solution of concentration 1 × 10⁻³ M shows 60% transmittance where the cell thickness is 1 cm. Calculate the molar absorptivity of the sample solution. [Given: log₁₀(0.60) = −0.2218]

Answer in brief

A = −log T = 0.2218, so ε = A/bc = 221.8 ≈ 222 L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹.

Key points

  • Beer–Lambert law: A = εbc = −log T.
  • A = −log(0.60) = 0.2218.
  • ε = A/bc = 0.2218/(1 cm × 1 × 10⁻³ mol L⁻¹) = 221.8 ≈ 222 L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹.
  • Check: at double the concentration A = 0.4436 and T = 0.36; A doubles, T does not halve.

The full model answer

As written for the answer booklet: the diagram carries the working, the lines stay short. Read here only; it is not offered as a download.

Model answer to Q1(c), 2021 Mains Paper III: solution pages 3 and 4
Solution pages 3 and 4 of 39

CoversBeer–Lambert lawmolar absorptivitytransmittanceabsorbance