Daily answer writing · Mon, 9 Nov, 2026
Van 't Hoff equation: derive it and find K of the Haber reaction at 700 K
Derive the van 't Hoff equation $\dfrac{d\ln K}{dT} = \dfrac{\Delta_rH^\circ}{RT^2}$. For $\ce{N2(g) + 3H2(g) <=> 2NH3(g)}$, $\Delta_fG^\circ(\ce{NH3}, 298\ \text{K}) = -16.45$ kJ mol−1 and $\Delta_rH^\circ = -92.2$ kJ mol−1. Calculate $K$ at 298 K and at 700 K (take $\Delta_rH^\circ$ as independent of temperature). Explain why the Haber process is nevertheless run at about 700 K and 200 atm. ($R = 8.314$ J K−1 mol−1)
Syllabus: Common to CSE Paper I, IFoS Paper I and Geo-Scientist Mains (physical): chemical equilibrium, ΔG° = −RT ln K, temperature dependence of K (van 't Hoff equation), Le Chatelier principle.
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